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Frequently asked questions
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What exactly is fatty liver disease?
Fatty liver disease occurs when too much fat builds up in liver cells, interfering with how the liver works. Over time, this can cause inflammation, scarring, and serious liver damage if not addressed.
What are the different types of fatty liver disease?
Fatty liver disease occurs when too much fat builds up in liver cells, interfering with how the liver works. Over time, this can cause inflammation, scarring, and serious liver damage if not addressed.
What causes fatty liver disease?
Common causes include:
• Obesity or rapid weight gain
• Type 2 diabetes or insulin resistance
• High triglycerides or cholesterol
• High sugar and processed food intake
• Heavy alcohol use
• Certain medications and medical conditions
Can you have fatty liver disease without symptoms?
Yes. Most people have no symptoms, especially in early stages. Many are diagnosed only after abnormal blood tests or imaging done for another reason.
Is fatty liver disease serious?
It can be. While early fatty liver may be mild and reversible, untreated disease can progress to:
• Liver inflammation
• Fibrosis (scarring)
• Cirrhosis
• Liver failure or liver cancer
Can fatty liver disease be reversed?
Yes—especially in early stages.
Liver fat and inflammation can often improve with:
• Weight loss (even 5–10%)
• Healthier diet
• Regular physical activity
• Reducing or stopping alcohol
Advanced scarring (cirrhosis) cannot be reversed, but progression can be slowed.
Do only overweight people get fatty liver disease?
No While obesity is a major risk factor, lean people can also develop fatty liver, especially if they have insulin resistance, diabetes, genetic risk, or poor diet quality.
. Are liver enzymes always high with fatty liver disease?
Answer:
No. Liver enzymes (ALT, AST) can be normal even when fatty liver or fibrosis is present. Normal labs do not rule out liver disease, which is why imaging or further testing is sometimes needed.
Can fatty liver disease affect other organs?
Answer:
Yes. Fatty liver disease is closely linked to:
• Heart disease
• Type 2 diabetes
• Kidney disease
• Metabolic syndrome
In fact, heart disease is the leading cause of death in people with NAFLD.
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Is fatty liver disease genetic?
Answer:
Genetics can increase risk. Certain gene variants make some people more likely to store fat in the liver, even with similar diets or body weights. Lifestyle still plays a major role, even with genetic risk.
Does weight loss surgery help fatty liver disease?
Answer:
For some people with severe obesity, bariatric surgery can significantly improve or even resolve fatty liver and inflammation. It is considered when lifestyle changes alone are not enough and must be carefully evaluated by specialists.
. How often should someone with fatty liver disease be monitored?
Answer:
Monitoring depends on severity, but typically includes:
• Regular blood tests
• Periodic imaging (such as ultrasound or FibroScan)
• Ongoing management of weight, blood sugar, and cholesterol
Your healthcare provider determines the schedule.
How is fatty liver disease diagnosed?
Answer:
Diagnosis may include:
• Blood tests (liver enzymes)
• Imaging (ultrasound, CT, MRI, FibroScan)
• In some cases, a liver biopsy to assess inflammation and scarring
Is there medication to cure fatty liver disease?
Answer:
Currently, there is no single approved medication that cures fatty liver disease. Treatment focuses on:
• Lifestyle changes
• Managing diabetes, cholesterol, and blood pressure
• Treating underlying conditions
(Some medications are in advanced clinical trials.)
What is the best diet for fatty liver disease?
Answer:
The most recommended approach includes:
• Whole foods (vegetables, fruits, lean proteins)
• Healthy fats (olive oil, nuts, fish)
• Limiting sugar, soda, refined carbs, and ultra-processed foods
• Avoiding or minimizing alcohol
Here are 8 additional commonly asked questions about fatty liver disease, with clear, patient-friendly answers:
Can children or teenagers get fatty liver disease?
Answer:
Yes. Fatty liver disease is increasingly common in children and teens, especially those with obesity, insulin resistance, or high sugar intake. Early diagnosis is critical because childhood NAFLD can progress into serious adult liver disease.
How fast does fatty liver disease progress?
Answer:
Progression varies widely. Some people stay stable for decades, while others progress faster—especially if they have diabetes, obesity, continued alcohol use, or untreated inflammation (NASH). Regular monitoring helps track risk.
Does fatty liver disease cause pain?
Answer:
Usually no. Some people feel dull discomfort or fullness in the upper right abdomen, but many feel nothing at all. Pain is not a reliable indicator of disease severity.